Stepping into Boerum Hill today, with its tree-lined streets and meticulously restored brownstones, it's easy to imagine it has always been this way. But the truth is, this vibrant Brooklyn neighborhood has a deep, complex history, a story of transformation and renewal that's far more compelling than a simple walk down our streets.
Thank you to Boerum Hill Association for sharing their archive of primary source documents that inspired this post. You can see the documents at the end of this post.
Roots and Revolution
Centuries ago, predating European settlement, this land was part of the territory of the Canarsie Indians, a band of the Algonkian-Iroquois people. They cultivated corn and lived in harmony with the waterways of Gowanus Creek. Their presence shaped the earliest landscape, a vital part of the story that came before European arrival, which began to increase in the early 17th century. When the Dutch arrived, figures like Frederick Lubbertse began to acquire land, setting the stage for the future Brooklyn. The transition wasn't without conflict, and the indigenous population faced tragic displacement, a difficult but important truth in the neighborhood's origins. By 1832, the last known Canarsie was buried here, a poignant symbol of this profound shift.
Source: A History of Boerum Hill
The Revolutionary War dramatically impacted the area. The land of Boerum Hill became a battleground during the Battle of Long Island on August 27, 1776. Strategic fortifications were built, a testament to the military importance of this location. While the outcome was challenging for the American forces, the bravery shown here is woven into the fabric of the neighborhood's past.
Source: A History of Boerum Hill
Growth and Change
The 19th century brought an era of significant growth. The ferry service to Manhattan spurred development, and the area transitioned from farmland to a burgeoning urban center. Atlantic Avenue emerged as a major commercial artery, lined with businesses and shops. This period saw the construction of many of the Italianate-style buildings we admire today, including notable structures like the South Brooklyn Savings Institution, built in 1871. The dedication of the Atlantic Street Baptist Church in 1855 highlights the growing community spirit.
While the early to mid-20th century presented challenges, including periods of economic hardship, the story of Boerum Hill is ultimately one of remarkable urban renewal that gained significant momentum in the 1960s. Starting in this period, a wave of individuals, often drawn by the architectural beauty and potential of the historic brownstones, began investing in the neighborhood. They embarked on the painstaking process of restoring these homes, breathing new life into the streets. This was a movement driven by passion and a belief in the neighborhood's future.
Brooklyn’s Historic Atlantic Avenue circa 1920. Source: Atlantic Avenue Boerum Hill Guide
Renewal and Revitalization
A pivotal moment in this revival was the founding of the Boerum Hill Association in 1964, spearheaded by dedicated residents like Helen Buckler. This organization played a vital role in championing restoration efforts, advocating for the community, and preserving the neighborhood's unique character. The Atlantic Avenue Betterment Association continues this legacy, working to enhance the Avenue's appeal and support the diverse mix of businesses that make it so unique today.
Today, Boerum Hill is a thriving neighborhood, a testament to the power of community and preservation. The blend of historic architecture, independent shops, and diverse restaurants along Atlantic Avenue creates a vibrant and welcoming atmosphere. It's a place where the layers of history are visible, from the subtle hints of its earlier eras to the beautifully restored brownstones that stand as symbols of its comeback story. Boerum Hill is more than just a collection of buildings; it's a living example of how dedication and a shared vision can transform an urban landscape and create a truly special place to call home.
